Performance Table for Large-Diameter Shield Tunnels with Diameters of 14m and Above_durable corrosion resistant steel brush source

Large-diameter shield tunneling project performance

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Performance Table for Large-Diameter Shield Tunnels with Diameters of 14m and Above

Performance Table for 10-14m Diameter Shield Tunnels

Zhuzhao High-Speed Railway, Jiangmen to Pearl River Delta Hub Airport Section, JJZQ-4 Contract, Guifengshan Tunnel Project

Manufacturing factory:

Construction unit: During construction, a record was set for the TBM’s daily advance of 21 meters and monthly advance of 395 meters in hard rock strata with an ultra-large diameter. Moreover, through industry-academia-research collaboration, the project successfully overcame the challenge of lacking prior experience in constructing ultra-large-diameter dual-mode shield tunnels, providing a benchmark for similar projects.

Zhuhai Tunnel Project

Manufacturing factory:

Construction unit: The construction environment is complex and the project’s difficulty ranks among the highest in China. According to the Zhuhai Municipal People’s Government: This project is an exceptionally challenging, ultra-large-diameter underwater shield tunnel project in China. The tunnel boring machine (TBM) must traverse a composite geological stratum that is soft above and hard below over a distance of more than 800 meters—a stretch that represents the longest bedrock section ever encountered in a Chinese underwater shield tunnel. At the same time, the TBM will pass very closely beneath numerous existing structures and must also go under two water supply pipelines serving Macao. The clearance between the top of the tunnel and the bottom of the pipelines is only 7.08 meters, making the construction highly risky.

Wen Yi Road (Zijin Port Interchange — Jingchang Avenue)

Manufacturing factory:

Construction unit: The 2,200-meter tunnel section using a shield machine needs to pass under several critical infrastructure facilities, including the Qiandao Lake water supply pipeline, the Hangzhou Ring Expressway, a high-pressure gas pipeline, and the subway express line tunnel. The northern tunnel runs within less than 10 meters horizontally from the airport express line and extends for a parallel distance of up to 1,200 meters. During construction, vibration and settlement isolation technologies were employed, ensuring that the settlement of the airport express line remained below 8 millimeters and thereby guaranteeing its safe operation.

Shanghai Rail Transit Metropolitan Line Airport Connecting Line Project

Manufacturing factory:

Construction unit: Leading smart construction technology: The “Jiyue” is equipped with ultra-large-diameter tunnel boring machine (TBM) synchronous jacking and segment assembly technology, enabling simultaneous excavation and segment installation—a “parallel” operation that reduces the average time per ring to just 85 minutes, boosting efficiency by nearly 30%. In Section 11, the “Hongpu” TBM has been deployed to implement an intelligent construction system for TBM tunnels, setting a new industry record for 14-meter-class TBMs with daily advances of 32 meters and monthly advances of 650 meters. Highly challenging construction risk management: The project area traverses central districts including Minhang, Xuhui, and Pudong, requiring the tunnel to pass beneath existing lines such as Metro Line 12 and numerous critical buildings and structures. For instance, in Section 3, Shaft No. 2 is located adjacent to the elevated section of the Shanghai-Kunming High-Speed Railway; during TBM reception, there was a risk of water and sand inflow, so the underwater reception method was ultimately adopted to mitigate this risk. In Section 13, the tunnel section passing under the Pudong Airport terminal building has a buried depth exceeding 50 meters—the deepest TBM tunnel section ever constructed in Shanghai—and requires long-distance tunneling through sandy layers.

Hangzhou Zhijiang Road Water Pipeline Tunnel and Road Improvement Project

Manufacturing factory:

Construction unit: The geological conditions are complex and construction is highly challenging: The tunnel needs to pass through a variety of intricate strata, including weathered quartz sandstone and silty clayey silt. The strength of the hard rock exceeds that of ordinary concrete by more than three times, causing extreme wear on cutting tools. At the same time, the tunnel successfully achieved a tight-radius curve with a radius of just 650 meters, overcoming the significant technical challenges associated with constructing ultra-large-diameter shield tunnels. Additionally, it effectively addressed the risk of uplift during shield tunneling in areas with extremely shallow overburden. The project features prominent green and立体 (three-dimensional) transportation characteristics: Upon completion, it will adopt a “four-lane双向 (two-way) road above ground plus four-lane双向 (two-way) road underground” configuration. The number of lanes on the ground-level roads will be reduced to widen the riverside scenic belt. In certain sections, sunken roads will be used to seamlessly connect parks with the Qiantang River. Meanwhile, the project integrates water pipeline corridors, simultaneously enhancing both the city’s water network and road network.

Wuhan Yangtze River Road-Rail Tunnel

Manufacturing factory:

Construction unit: World’s First Public-Rail Integrated Construction Model: This is the world’s first completed shield-tunnel crossing a river that integrates both road and rail transportation. It features a dual-tube, three-layer structure: the upper layer serves as a highway smoke-exhaust duct; the middle layer accommodates a six-lane双向 highway; and the lower layer houses the tracks of Metro Line 7, a shared evacuation passage for both road and rail users, and utility tunnels—all designed to achieve intensive resource utilization. The construction faced enormous geological challenges: it was necessary to overcome the dual geological hurdles of the “diamond layer” and the “sticky rice cake” formation. The strata contain up to 70% quartz, resulting in extremely high hardness that led to the cumulative replacement of over 2,000 cutterheads during construction. At the same time, highly cohesive muddy siltstone posed another significant challenge, easily causing cutterhead clogging and mud cake buildup. To address this issue, the construction team adopted innovative methods such as injecting hydrogen peroxide. Abundant Awards and Technological Achievements: The project has won numerous prestigious awards, including the National High-Quality Engineering Award and the FIIDC Outstanding Engineering Award. Its research achievements were honored with the Second Prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award. During construction, the team developed several technical procedures, such as the "Normal-Pressure Cutterhead Replacement Operating Procedures," and the newly developed "First Reverse, Then Forward, and Finally Expansion" reverse construction method significantly reduced construction costs.

Nanjing Dinghuaimen Yangtze River Tunnel

Manufacturing factory:

Construction unit: Leading in design scale: Adopting the world’s first double-layer, multi-outlet X-shaped overall design, this tunnel features a dual-tube, double-deck, eight-lane structure that efficiently diverts traffic flow. At the time, it was the largest project of its kind in the world. Extremely high construction difficulty: Dubbed a “world-class project located 70 meters beneath the riverbed,” it required crossing the Yangtze River’s embankment four times, with local overburden thickness as little as 9 meters. The tunnel had to pass through various geological strata, including soft soil and hard rock, with quartz content in the rock layers reaching as high as 65%. During construction, the water pressure reached up to 0.72 megapascals, and there were instances when only 3–4 meters could be excavated in a single day. Independent technological innovation: The tunnel boring machines used in this project boasted numerous pioneering technologies both internationally and domestically—for example, retractable cutterheads and a cutter disc capable of extending by 100 millimeters. These innovations enabled the machine to achieve an unprecedented record of continuous excavation for 2,580 meters in sandy gravel strata without changing cutters. The related technologies have earned multiple invention patents.

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