Hangzhou Metro and Phase III of Rail Transit Line 1
Release time:
2025-12-24
Abstract
Construction unit: China Railway Tunnel Bureau Group Co., Ltd.
Device Number: ("Qiantang Vanguard" Tunnel Boring Machine) China Railway Construction Heavy Industry
Cutting disc diameter: 11.70 meters
Tunneling length: 2963 meters
Project Features:
Hangzhou’s First Metro Tunnel Under the Qiantang River—Built as Hangzhou’s first large-diameter shield tunnel crossing the Qiantang River, and also the city’s first single-tunnel, double-track metro tunnel to span the river—this project has accumulated crucial experience for future metro tunnel projects that cross the Qiantang River in Hangzhou. With a large cross-sectional design featuring an outer diameter of 11.3 meters and an inner diameter of 10.3 meters, the tunnel breaks new ground in terms of scale compared to conventional metro tunnels. The construction poses extremely high risks and challenges: the tunnel must pass beneath the Qiantang River, along with major embankments on both the north and south banks, oil pipelines, and the Xiaoshan Nanyang Oil Depot—all highly sensitive structures. The geological strata encompass a variety of complex formations, including silty clay, clay,粉砂 (silt), and gravel-bearing layers. Among these, the 800-meter-long “old clay” layer becomes significantly more viscous when exposed to water, greatly increasing excavation difficulty. Meanwhile, the tunnel’s lowest point is buried at a depth of 34.3 meters; this ultra-deep burial combined with high groundwater pressure makes the tunnel prone to issues such as face instability. Additionally, an innovative disaster prevention and evacuation technology combining lateral smoke extraction with longitudinal ventilation has been adopted, eliminating the need for an intermediate ventilation shaft in the middle of the river. This approach not only reduces costs but also mitigates construction risks.
Year of commencement: January 2018
Year of completion: December 2020
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